Цитата: bearus от 11.02.2012 08:19:52Bottom line - в нэви есть высокопоставленные адмиралы, которые действительно верят в перпективность рельсотронов и лазеров на кораблях (другой вопрос - насколько обоснованно... )
Еще об истории рельсотрона в нэви — кто и как "продал" его идею адмиралам
Вкратце: оказавшись в конце 90-х почти без финансирования исследований рельсотрона,
начатых еще во времена СОИ Рейгана (армейцы и DARPA тогда решили что хватит им выбрасывать деньги на ветер, да и СССР канул в лету), ловкачи из
IAT at Texas Univ. (
Ian McNab и
Harry Fair) охмурили нескольких капитанов из нэви, которые входили в группу стратегических исследований штаба ВМС (
CNO SSG).
Особенно им в этом помог (тогда еще капитан-лейтенант)
Cdr. David Adams, учившийся раньше в том же самом Техасском универе. Они вместе быстренько сляпали радужный отчет о перспективах рейлгана на кораблях (нэви как раз тогда озаботилось об увеличении дистанции стрельбы для поддержки береговых операций десанта -
Naval Surface Fire Support), и подсунули его адмиралам. Естественно, в отчете весьма мало и расплывчато говорилось о технических проблемах (особенно об эрозии рельс
), но зато громко рекламировались "невиданные" возможности рейлгана по сравнению с пороховыми пушками и ракетами.
Джентльменам ведь верят на слово...
Адмиралы, конечно, тоже смотрели фильмы Джорджа Лукаса и Шварцнеггера (может, даже играли в Quake тайком от детей
), так что идея технического превосходства рейлганов (а немного позднее, и лазеров) им пришлась очень по душе. Проигнорировав редкие голоса скептиков из армии (таких как
William C. McCorkle, который однажды сказал:
"For EM guns to be successful they needed to start with a new and improved periodic table of the elements") - а также, наверное, в душе полагая армейцев как бы "второсортными" (Go Navy, Beat Army!) - адмиралы в 2003-2004 дали зеленый свет на многомиллионное финансирование рельсотрона. Правда, часть тех адмиралов уже ушла со своих постов - но
ишак идея живет...
Короче, кому интересно - рекомендую почитать:
"Innovation for the Interwar Years" (CNO SSG XVI, Naval Warfare Concept Team Report, June 1997)"...our current 5-inch guns have a muzzle energy of 10 megajoules (MJ). ERGM will increase this to 18 MJ, and VGAS will press the limits of conventional gun physics—attempting to achieve a muzzle energy of 33 MJ. By contrast,
a naval rail gun could have muzzle energies in excess of 300 MJA notional naval rail gun could deliver
150-pound, GPS/INS-guided projectiles with an impact velocity of Mach 6 to targets at ranges up to 400 miles at a rate greater than six rounds per minute. Mature rail-gun technology is predicted to produce even greater capability.
Moreover, recent developments indicate that solutions for the
remaining technical challenges—namely, excessive power requirements and rail erosion—are firmly within reach. This is an ideal time to capitalize on Army research and to develop rail guns for naval applications."
David Adams: “Naval Rail Guns Are Revolutionary” (Proc. USNI, Feb 2003, v.129, no.2, pp. 34-37)"...With the all-electric ship on the horizon and recent advances in technology, the time is ripe for developing naval rail guns that can deliver the capabilities of hypersonic missiles at costs closer to those of guns.
Fielded rail guns systems are expected to achieve muzzle velocity of from 2.5 to 6 km/sec... naval rail guns will achieve muzzle energies from 60 to 300 MJ.An important advantage of rail guns is the ability to exploit the high kinetic energy (KE) stored in the projectile for extremely lethal effects. One test demonstrated that the
release of the rail gun projectile's kinetic energy alone would create a 10-foot diameter crater, 10 feet deep in solid ground, and achieve projectile penetration to 40 feet. Some of the
most difficult challenges to rail gun development are the gouging and wear that occur during the acceleration of projectiles to hypervelocities.
In the last year, rail materials research has yielded impressive results.
Using advanced conductive materials, researchers have conducted dozens of launches at greater than 2.5 km/sec without any evidence of rail gouging and with manageable rail and armature wear.
A Navy serious about transformation
cannot continue to rely exclusively on expensive missiles or conventional guns that have reached their inherent physical limitations. It is time to make a serious investment in naval rail gun research, development, and experimentation aimed at bringing a revolution in naval fire power to the fleet."
"Lt. Cmdr. David Adams receives Naval Institute Honor" (Feb, 2004)"
When I was on the Strategic Studies Group, in 1997, Admiral (James) Hogg (Director, SSG) said
'go out and find a solution to our challenge to lob ordnance far inland for a low cost.' And he mentioned there was some research going on at the University of Texas on electromagnetic rail guns.
I started to get involved in that and developed a concept. I went to the University of Texas and
they fired an electromagnetic gun at hypersonic speed and it penetrated a piece of steel about 10 inches thick, they proved to me it could be done.
After a lot of analysis, I concluded
'this is the technology.' Adm. Hogg was sold and we briefed the Chief of Naval Operations but there were other initiatives in other areas and this one took a while to develop...
Then I went to work for Vice Adm. Konetzni as his aide... Dr. Stephen A. Cambone, who was Donald Rumsfeld's right hand man for technology (Director of Program Analysis and Evaluation) came down and asked
'why isn't the Navy more interested in rail guns?' Vice Adm. Konetzni turns to me and says,
' Dave, you know about this rail gun stuff. Develop a brief.' So I did and gave it to Adm. Robert Natter, and he loved it.
Rail Guns are a very important technology.
I think they change the face of the Navy, especially surface warfare. Eventually, I think, you'll be able to lob metal thousands, not hundreds, of miles in a matter of minutes. For instance, if you had five ships with electromagnetic rail guns with the ability to shoot six rounds a minute, you could have hit all the fixed targets that we hit in Kosovo in the first two hours of the war. That's a Big revolutionary change for the Navy. I can see the Navy installing rail guns on the DDX and back fitting them to the Arleigh Burke class destroyers."
Отредактировано: bearus - 28 фев 2024 02:25:49